Ngày đăng: 05/08/2013
Phương án thi công chống thấm chống ẩm tường gạch

Chống thấm chống ẩm tường gạch, Phương án xử lý hiệu quả:

Chính vì lẽ đó mà ngày nay, chẳng ai chịu đựng nổi một không gian sống cùng với những ẩm mốc, loang lổ do ẩm chân tường gây ra. Vậy nguyên nhân do đâu?, ảnh hưởng của hiện tượng này đến môi trường sống của chúng ta thế nào? phương án xử lý nào khả thi nhất đối với môi trường, điều kiện, khí hậu đặc thù của Việt Nam ta.Hiện tuong nước leo chân tường gây ô nhiễm môi trường sống


Những vị trí thường gặp hiện tượng này:

  • Chân tường bên ngoài các khu vệ sinh, khu rửa chén bát...
  • Chân tường bên trong tầng hầm.
  • Chân tường kẹt giữa hai nhà có khoảng cách.
  • Chân tường nơi có nền đất ẩm.

Nguyên Nhân

Có nhiều nguyên nhân kếp hợp tạo nên hiện tượng này, nhưng ở đây chúng ta đi vào những nguyên nhân chủ yếu, Và chỉ khi chúng ta nắm được nguyên nhân, chúng ta mới có thể chọn phương án xử lý hiệu quả.

 - Do bản chất của hồ vữa xi măng xốp, mền, nên tính hấp thụ nước tự nhiên cao, và cứ theo nguyên tắc “bấc đèn dầu”, hồ vữa hút nước và lan theo mạch lên trên, cho đến khi không thể hút lên được nữa, thông thường chúng làm ẩm chân tường khoảng 50cm đến 1mét, kể từ cốt nền ẩm, và lớp hồ vữa này càng cũ thì độ thấm càng mạnh.

 - Do khi xây, người thợ xây cầm viên gạch theo chiều đứng, đắp vữa lên đầu viên gạch và gạt vữa thành hình tháp rồi đặt viên gạch lên tường đã trải sẵn lớp hồ, thao tác này đã gây ra những chỗ thiếu vữa, đôi khi tạo ra những cái lỗ thậm chí thông sang bên kia tường.

 - Do không được đánh giá đúng tính quan trọng của việc chống thấm, nên không được tính đến trong thiết kế và hiển nhiên không có biện pháp thi công chống thấm ngay trước khi hoàn thiện công trình.

Ảnh hưởng của việc ẩm mốc đối với chất lượng môi trường sống của con người

Chúng ta đã biết, khi nước thấm lên tường đã mang theo một lượng muối khoáng có trong nước, cùng nhiều vi chất “bổ dưỡng” cho các loại nấm mốc tồn tại phát triển, chính vì điều này chúng ta có phần nào hiểu được, tại sao ở Việt Nam ta có tỷ lệ người mắc các chứng bệnh ở đường hô hấp nhiều đến vậy. Cho đến nay các nhà khoa học đã chỉ ra cho chúng ta hàng trăm loại vi nấm có trong những vết ẩm mốc đó. Các nhà khoa học Mỹ đã tìm thấy căn nguyên của bệnh viêm xoang là do một loài vi nấm gây ra. Vì vậy khi chúng ta ở trong môi trường nấm mốc, chúng ta có thể hít phải những loại vi nấm này, điều này đồng nghĩa với những nguy cơ bị dị tật đường hô hấp, ho hen..., rất cao, biểu hiện rõ nhất là trẻ em ở trong môi trường này rất hay bị sổ mũi, ho.Nếu ai trong các bạn đã từng tham gia xây dựng các nhà máy sản xuất thuốc chữa bệnh, mới thấy hết những yêu cầu theo tiêu chuẩn quốc tế khắt khe như thế nào về việc xử lý chống thấm, chống ẩm này.Phương án xử lý của chúng tôi được gọi là: biện pháp cắt nước mạch hồ vữa chân tường. Các bạn cùng chúng tôi đi qua từng công đoạn thi công của phương án này:



(1) Đục tạo rãnh, quét một lớp vữa gốc xi măng, đây là loại vữa có tính năng độc đáo, nó có thể phát triển ninh kết trong các mao dẫn, các khe hở nhỏ, nhờ sự kích hoạt của nước, hay hơi ẩm. Sau đó trám lại bằng một hỗn hợp vữa, cát, xi măng được trộn thêm một liều lượng phụ gia nhất định, tạo nên một loại vữa có cường độ mà nước không có khả năng thẩm thấu qua được.

(2) Loại vữa hỗn hợp trên được trát trực tiếp lên bề mặt tưòng gạch, nhằm loại bỏ hoàn toàn những chỗ rỗng do thiếu vữa, nó đảm bảo rằng bề mặt đã bược phủ kín, có độ dầy khoảng 0,5cm.

(3) Quét 1 lớp vật liệu chống thấm gốc xi măng (công nghệ phát triển mạng tinh thể), nhằm củng cố và đảm bảo rằng: độ bền của hạng mục xử lý là vĩnh cửu.

(4) Tô vữa hoàn thiện, phục hồi lại mới như lúc ban đầu.


Nguồn: Sưu tầm


TIN BÀI KHÁC :
Quy trình xây dựng nhà ở(23/07/2013)

Trình tự xây dựng nhà ở:

Hiện nay, khi xây nhà, nhiều gia đình không nắm được quy trình tiến hành nên rất lúng túng. Điều này có thể dẫn đến những bất trắc về giấy phép, xây không đúng quy định chung hoặc không phù hợp với yêu cầu.

Trước tiên, chủ nhà cần chọn một đơn vị tư vấn thiết kế để thực hiện việc làm hồ sơ xin phép xây dựng. Khi đó, đơn vị chức năng cấp phép sẽ biết ngôi nhà được phép xây bao nhiêu tầng, ban công trong giới hạn nào... Hồ sơ xin phép khác với hồ sơ thi công. Bản thiết kế chi tiết để thi công được lập dựa trên sự bàn bạc kỹ và tìm những giải pháp cụ thể theo nhu cầu sinh hoạt của gia đình, khả năng tài chính...

Thiết kế nội thất
Dịch vụ hda

Đây là dịch vụ bổ trợ và có thể kết hợp với dịch vụ đầu tiên để tạo thành một gói dịch vụ hoàn chỉnh hoặc có thể thực hiện độc lập. Sản phẩm đầu ra là bộ hồ sơ thiết kế nội thất để có thể sản xuất, lắp đặt tất cả những thiết bị trong không gian nội thất.

Gói thiết kế nội  thất
Cao cấp
200,000(đ /m2 sàn)
Chuyên nghiệp
150,000(đ /m2 sàn)
Mở rộng
120,000(đ/m2 sàn)
Cơ bản
100,000(đ/m2 sàn)
Tiết kiệm
8000,000(đ/ bộ hồ sơ)
Những văn bản mới nhất Những thủ tục pháp lý

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